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ART // ARCHITECTURE // CULTURE

 

Tutorial Session 3

Tutorial Session 3:

In the last tutorial session, I have been told to work on facade photography which focuses on the exterior of an architecture in which captures the attention of viewers at first glance. Facade architecture is taking the photo of the building from an angel where it captures the main and focal point of the building. 

 

The theme that I am working on is Fusion Architecture which focuses on how different culture affects the building's design and is implemented in the building's architecture. Since, I have to work on facacde photography at the same time, I will be focusing on details in each building's exterior architecture. For example, how doors, windows, ornaments, and other building's details are derived from different culture backgrounds and implemented into the building's architecture. The photos will be taken at an angle where details are captured upfront and close while the building's exterior is also caputured.

 

I have scoped down to focus on shophouses as my architecture // building only.

Understanding of Shophouse

Understanding of Facade Photography

Facade photography is the main front view of the building, especially in an imposing and decorative part of the architecture. However, facade photography can also be taken from any side of the building which is facing a public space and can be seen clearly.

 

In this context, only the front part of each shophouse can be taken as facade photography as the sides walls are attatched to the next shoplot and it cannot be seen at all. The captured photos will focus on details such as doors, windows, ornaments, etc. Close up shots will be talken to show decorative parts of the architecture which is able to bring out fusion architecture based on their culture influences.

Facade photography of the shophouse's exterior

Facade photography of the shophouse's architecture (windows) in detail

Shophouses is an individual part of a full continuous row of shops directly built next to each other with no gap or space in between. A continuous row of shophouses is knows as a row of shoplots where both sides each shoplot's walls are attatched to each other. Generally speaking, shophouses are mostly two or three stories high with a shop on the ground floor to carry out business or activities while the top floor is for residence. It also consists of a walkway which is part of the shoplot's architecture but is meant for public use which provides shade for walking pedestrians.

 

Shophouses been around since the 1790s and have been constantly transforming until today. Most of the heritage shophouses are found in Penang and Melacca. The location which I have chosen to take photos of such fusion architecture is in Melacca. The shophouses present in Melacca fulfills the fusion architecture criteria because each shophouse consists of different culture implemented in the architecture.

 

Shophouses consists of details such as doors, windows, pillars, pavements, ornaments, lights, carved decorations, and others. These details make up the exterior facade view of each shophouse. The details in each shophouse is similar to each other, but the design to each of them transforms along the timeline. These details are also implemented from different culture which shows fusion architecture in the shophouse. The material used to make these details can also be classified under fusion architecture because different materials is implemented by different culture.

 

 

Examples of Shophouses with different styles

Shophouse Timeline

1790s
"Early Penang" Style

 

Early Shop House (18th century)

 

Front facade:

- Continuous rows of panelled / louvered shutters

- Timber walls

- Tiled roofs

- Plain mansory pilasters on the upper floor

- Attap is used initially, followed by Chinese Tiles

- Tiles changed from V shape to rounded shape (smaller, lighter)

1890s

Straits Eclectic Style
("Early & Late Straits" Electic Style)

 

Early & Late Straits Electic Shop House Style

 

Culture Influences:

1. Western Influences

- Full-length French windows

- Full-length timber shifters

- Arched / rectangular transom over the windows openings

- Reinforced concretes using wider roof overhangs

- Elaborate cantilevered brackets sprung from above pilasters

- Geometric patterned floor tiles (Late Straits)

- Projecting roof (Late Straits)

- Dado panel tiles below windows (Late Straits)

 

2. Chinese Influences

- Carved timber doors

- Air vents

- Gavle ends

- Clay tiles of a V shape for roof

 

3. Dutch Influences (material)

- Ceramic tiles

 

4. Peranakan Influences

- Coloured tiles on floor and walls (Late Straits)

- Pilasters decorated with plastic rendering (flowers, fruits, mythical figures, geometric shape)

- Carved windows / door panels

- Coloured floor tiles

-Highly intricate ornaments & carvings

 

5. Combined Influences

- Chinese panel frescoes combined with Malay timber fretwork

 

1930s
Art Deco Style

 

Art Deco Shop House Style

 

Front facade: 2-3 Storeys

 

Culture Influences:

1. European Influences

- Long & thin rectangles / Circles / Continuous horizontal bands on the front facade

- Windows arranged in groups rather than typical 3 bays

- Decorations retrained on the front walls

- Reinforced concrete used for cantilevered plans / placed over windows as shading devides

- Art-deco facade with geometric design highlighting vertical & hotizontal lines (use of straight lines)

- Shanghai plaster wall finishing

- Flagpole & relief writing on the wall

- Metal framed glass windows

 

1950s
Early Modern Style

 

Early Modern Shop House Style

 

Front Facade:

- 2-3 Storeys

- Simple form & design

- New building materials & structure based on the implied technology

- Sunshade fins

- Metal- framed glass windows

20 Chosen Photos

Chosen 20 Photos from 5 different Buildings

DSC_4173
DSC_4189
DSC_4181
DSC_4212

Shophouse  1

Shophouse  2

DSC_4275
DSC_4280
DSC_4284
DSC_4285

Shophouse  3

DSC_4328_edited
DSC_4329_edited
DSC_4336_edited
DSC_4335_edited

Shophouse  4

DSC_4423
DSC_4393
DSC_4414
DSC_4400
DSC_4415

Shophouse  5

DSC_4349
DSC_4351

Shophouse  6

DSC_4427
DSC_4428
DSC_4430

1840s
"Southersn Chinese" Electic Style

 

Early Traditional Style Shop Houses (19th century)

 

Front Facade:

- Front walls made of mansory

- Five foot pedestrian walkway

- Minimal ornaments

- Upper consoles decorated with floral motifs and simple decoration

- Louvered shutters remained with iron / timber grills inserted in windows

- Top part of pilasters enlarged

- Pilasters decorated with plaster renderings

© 2015 by MICHELLE WONG (FNBE'15) . Proudly created with Wix.com

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